Equivalent:
Jurnal Ilmiah Sosial Teknik
Vol. 5, No. 1, January 2023
APPLICATION OF THE
PENTA HELIX CONCEPT TO DEVELOP MICE INDUSTRY CREATIVITY AND INNOVATION
Fitriatunnisa
Shabrina
Politeknik
Pariwisata Prima Internasional, West Java, Indonesia
Email: shabrina@poltekparprima.ac.id
Abstract
The MICE industry is a driving
force for the creative industry, through meeting activities, Incentive Tours,
Conferences and Exhibitions can be the initial capital to encourage creative
thinking in formulating concepts and so on. Of the many MICE potentials that
exist in Cirebon City, there are several obstacles faced by the MICE industry,
including: 1) Event creativity is still minimal, 2) Budgeting and marketing
strategies are not yet optimal including MICE promotion, 3) Lack of
socialization of MICE activities. 4) There is no development strategy planned
by the government that can indicate the direction to be taken in the
development of the MICE Industry, 5) Lack of human resource education (HR); 6)
Weak transport, capital and tax policies; 7) Lack of research on MICE. This
study aims to determine the application of the Penta Helix concept in the
development of creativity and innovation in the MICE industry in Cirebon city.
Data collection in this study took from primary data and secondary data.
Primary data were obtained from observations and informants related to those
managing the tourism sector and the Creative Economy in Cirebon City,
especially the MICE Industry. Primary data was obtained using three data collection
techniques, namely (1) observation; (2) In-depth interviews (Indept interview);
and finally (3) Library Studies. While secondary data can be obtained from
collecting data sourced from the library, policy studies and government
institutions. All data obtained will be analyzed in three stages, namely data
reduction, data display/presentation of data and conclusion.
Keywords:.
Pentahelix;
Creativity and Innovation; The MICE Industry.
Introduction
The MICE industry is a driving force
for the creative industry, through Meetings/Meetings, Tours/Incentives,
Conferences/Conferences and Exhibitions/Exhibitions which can be initial
capital to encourage creative thinking in formulating concepts and so on. The
form of MICE activities in the promotion, marketing and existence of local
products is the result of the creative industry which can be marketed in the
form of events. MICE activities are also called business events. Through events
people meet to network/colleague, find solutions, disseminate information, and
showcase goods and services. Various events/events are held every year, so that
the event/event becomes the main symbol of the city, region or country.
Of the many MICE potentials that
exist in Cirebon City, there are several obstacles faced by the MICE industry,
including: 1) Event creativity is still minimal, 2) Budgeting and marketing
strategies are not yet optimal including MICE promotion, 3) Lack of
socialization of MICE activities. 4) There is no development strategy planned
by the government that can indicate the direction to be taken in the
development of the MICE Industry, 5) Lack of human resource education (HR); 6)
Weak transport, capital and tax policies; 7) Lack of research on MICE.
Weak ability to manage activities,
especially creativity and innovation, is considered to have an impact on weak
competitive advantage as well. There are many concepts in the development of
innovation and creativity, one of which is the Penta Helix Theory. This
innovation theory emphasizes the collaboration of 5 sectors, namely Government,
Academics, Society, Business Actors and Media which have the same role in
promoting the growth of innovation. The development of this concept will be
used in this research. Penta Helix is expected to provide opportunities and strengthen
the MICE industry in market competition.
The weak ability of human resources
to produce creativity and innovation will have an impact on the weak
competitive advantage of the MICE industry in the city of Cirebon. The growth
of the MICE industry as a creative industry machine really needs support from
various parties, and therefore this research is expected to make a significant
contribution to the development of the MICE industry in Cirebon City.
This research is important to do, so
that it is possible to increase the Creativity of Human Resources by using the
Penta Helix innovation development pattern.
Research methods
The research design uses qualitative
research, in the form of an analysis of the application of the Penta Helix
concept in analyzing the creativity and innovation of the MICE industry in
Cirebon City. According to (Huda, 2019)
in qualitative research researchers try to understand social phenomena by
distinguishing, comparing, imitating, cataloging, and grouping study objects
which are carried out in stages. In addition, qualitative research can be a
source for deep-rooted and rich descriptions and explanations, especially of
processes that occur in local contexts (Riduwan, 2010).
For data sources in this study take
from primary data and secondary data. Primary data were obtained from
observations and informants related to those managing the tourism sector and
the Creative Economy in Cirebon City, especially the MICE Industry. Primary data
was obtained using three data collection techniques, namely (1) observation;
(2) In-depth interviews (Indept interview); and finally (3) Library Studies.
Meanwhile, secondary data can be obtained from collecting data sourced from the
library, policy studies and government institutions. All data obtained will be
analyzed in three stages, namely data reduction, data display/presentation of
data and conclusion/conclusion.
Results and Discussion
A. Overview
of the MICE Industry in the City of Cirebon
Cirebon City is
one of the big cities in West Java Province in terms of infrastructure
progress, especially in the fields of service and economy. The city of Cirebon
which is united with the Cirebon district itself is an area directly adjacent
to Central Java, so that language acculturation is a distinct characteristic of
the Cirebon language (Sya’roni & Sudirham, 2012). Apart from the
language aspect, the location of the city of Cirebon which is on the border
between Central Java and West Java provides its own characteristics for the
Cirebon sultanate, so that the culture of the Cirebon people is not only
inclined to Javanese culture and Sundanese culture. The result is a uniquely
distinctive culture made up of both cultures. Cirebon city is also known to
have a variety of interesting tourist destinations (Ghozali, 2016). In addition to cultural tourism, there
are still many tourist attractions in the city of Cirebon with various natural
and culinary tourism potentials. Along with the evolution of the momentum of
the national creative industry, Cirebon also continues to grow as a City of
Creative Industries. One of the most famous creative industry products from the
Cirebon area is the megamendung patterned batik. Megamendung batik is a work of
art with a batik motif which has become a batik icon from the Cirebon area and
also several regions in Indonesia. The Ministry of Culture and Tourism will
register the megamendung motif with UNESCO to gain recognition as one of
Indonesia's world heritage. With the recognition of the city of Cirebon as a
City of Culture, City of Creative Industries, and also as a city that has an attractive
tourist destination, this is a strong reason for many tourists, both Domestic
and International, who flock to Cirebon (Fitri, 2020).
In Cirebon City
itself the MICE industry is being designed in such a way by the West Java
Tourism and Culture Office. The West Java Tourism and Culture Office is
currently developing a Meeting, Incentive, Convention and Exhibition (MICE)
tourism development strategy. The development of MICE tourism is focused on
five areas that have supporting facilities to develop. The five regions include
Bogor-Sukabumi, Bekasi-Karawang, Bandung, Pangandaran, and Cirebon (Nugroho et al., 2018). The development
of MICE destinations in Cirebon City should be able to provide welfare for
residents, especially those engaged in the tourism sector, without causing
damage to regional values.
In the document
regarding the eligibility requirements for MICE destinations, infrastructure
elements are the main factors. Referring to the Ministerial Regulation, the
venue factor is also the core of the development of MICE destinations in West
Java. The next factor to be considered for the feasibility of MICE destinations
is conference venues, exhibition venues as well as hotel accommodation (Komala, n.d.). In
relation to the MICE industry, Cirebon City already has several meeting &
conference facilities, including:
Table 1. Meeting and
Conference Facilities
|
FACILITIES |
DESCRIPTION |
|
INDEPENDENT VENUES |
Not yet available |
|
VENUE HOTELS |
4 Star Hotels 1) The Luxton Cirebon Hotel &
Convention 2) Aston Cirebon Hotel &
Conventions 3) Swiss Bel Hotel 4) The Grage Hotel 5) Patra Cirebon Hotel & Convention |
|
EXHIBITION
FACILITIES |
The city of Cirebon does not yet have an Independent Exhibition Hall |
|
ACCOMMODATION
FACILITIES |
5 star hotels are not yet available |
|
|
4 Star Hotels. |
|
|
Hotel Bintang 3 1. Hotel Santika : 87 Rooms 2. Hotel Prima : 47 Rooms 3. Batiqa Hotel Cirebon : 108 Rooms 4. Metland Hotel Cirebon : 98 Rooms 5. Hotel Prima : 97 Rooms 6. Bentani Hotel : 95 Rooms 7. Grand Tryas Hotel : 59 Rooms 8. Neo Hotel Cirebon : 125 Rooms |
|
PLACES OF INTEREST |
Cirebon City has stunning natural, cultural
and artificial beauty, starting from the Kasepuhan Palace, Kanoman Palace,
Kacirebonan Palace, Sunan Gunung Djati Tomb, Sang Cipta Rasa Great Mosque,
Sunyaragi Cave, Trusmi Batik Area, Old City Heritage Area , Arab Village
Area, Mask Dance, Sintren Dance to culinary charms such as Empal Gentong,
Empal Asem, Gejrot Tofu, Jamblang Rice, Lengko Rice to Bogana Rice. There are
other tourism support facilities in Cirebon City, namely 153 Restaurants
& Cafés, 42 Salons & Spas, 16 Playgrounds, and 16 Karaokes |
In addition, it
is also seen in terms of MICE amenities in the city of Cirebon. The following
table analyzes MICE amenities in the city of Cirebon from research (Dirgantara
dan Febriana, 2020).
Table 2. MICE Amenity Analysis
(Dirgantara
dan Febriana, 2020)
|
INDICATOR |
DESCRIPTION |
|
ENVIRONMENTAL
CONDITIONS |
The city of Cirebon is considered to have good and sufficient public
infrastructure to support MICE activities. Located close to the sea, making
Cirebon has the potential to become an exhibition destination because it is
close to the port. Public facilities such as 8 Police offices, TIC, 10
Hospitals, 21 Money Changers and Banking, 23 Transportation and Goods
Delivery Services are available in Cirebon. |
|
DESTINATION IMAGE |
The city of Cirebon is famous for its image as a cultural, heritage
and culinary destination. Because of its uniqueness and diversity, Cirebon
has become one of the destinations leading tour in West Java. |
B.
MICE Industry Penta Helix Indicator in Cirebon city
1.
Government
In the Cirebon city RPJMD Musrenbang
2018-2023 which was held on Friday, 26 April 2019 at 08.00 WIB at the Grand
Ballroom of Hotel Prima Cirebon which was attended by 200 people consisting of
PNS and NON PNS, the MICE industry became one of the nine priorities
development planned to be developed by the Cirebon city government. The
development of MICE destinations in Cirebon City has been stated in Regional
Regulation No. 15 of 2015 concerning Ripparprov West Java, as a center for
Provincial Tourism Destinations (DPP) and MICE in West Java. In addition, in
2021 Koran Fajar Cirebon will hold a Forum Group Discussion (FGD) activity on Increasing
the Capacity of Tourism and the Creative Economy of the City of Cirebon (Barth, 2008).
The development of MICE destinations
in Cirebon City has been stated in Regional Regulation No. 15 of 2015
concerning Ripparprov West Java, as a center for Provincial Tourism
Destinations (DPP) and MICE in West Java. The existence of a strong legal basis
provides certainty when developing later (Khusniyah, 2020). In addition, there are also values that
make Cirebon City worthy of being an international MICE destination, namely 1)
having sufficient land area; 2) Having a seaport with means of loading and
unloading goods; 3) Strategic location close to West Java International Airport
(approximately only 60 minutes); 4) Supported by hospitality facilities (there
are 5 Four Star Hotels); 5) Supported by a strong tourist attraction; 6) Having
strong cultural aspects (Palace, Culinary, Crafts).
2.
Society
Support from the community in general
provides continuity for MICE development activities. From the field study it is
known that several stakeholders support the development of MICE in Cirebon City
(Indonesia, 2011). It is known that MICE development activities
will require a competent formal workforce so as to open new jobs, this will
have a positive economic impact. There needs to be an institution or
institutions that are able to provide competencies that are in line with the
MICE industry later. Cirebon City already has a place of higher education to
support it. One of them is the International Prima Tourism Polytechnic.
3.
Academics
Academics in the city of Cirebon are
considered to have synergized and tried their best to transfer research
results, especially to MICE industry players. It is time for MICE businesses to
collaborate with academics to provide training and assistance in an effort to
generate creativity and innovation in the future. This is adjusted to the
learning outcomes at the Cirebon International Prima Tourism Polytechnic campus
(Creswell, 2003).
There is one major, namely Management
of Conventions and Events which is very closely related to the MICE industry (Jocom et al., 2021). Where the learning outcomes include,
Students of the Convention and Event Management Study Program (MICE) will learn
how to make an event plan, which includes, (a) Planning program/event ideas and
concepts, (b) Promotion planning through various media efforts, (c) Event
financial planning, (d) Supporting resource planning, and (e) Risk planning. In
addition, students also learn about how to manage the operational activities of
an event, such as managing the course of the event, selecting suppliers, making
contracts, concert management, talent/artist management, and sponsorship. As
well as how to manage a company engaged in the event industry.
4.
Entrepreneurs/Businesses
Business and business actors greatly
influence creativity and innovation in MICE activities in Cirebon City, with
business communities such as HIPMI, KADIN, ASPARAPI, and even those who are
members of Event Organizers throughout Cirebon City and Regency to become a
competent competitive forum to foster innovation and creativity of the business
actors, especially in MICE activities (Soemaryani, 2016).
5.
Media
The media plays an important role in
fostering innovation and creativity in the MICE industry, the role of the media
can help gather creative economic actors in one forum, the role of the media
can also broadcast events with a very wide range (RI, 2012).
So that there will be many benefits if the media can synergize in fostering
community creativity.
Conclusion
The conclusion of this research is that the synergy between
the role of the penta helix in fostering innovation and creativity is enormous.
The penta helix that plays a role includes government, society, academia,
business people, and the media.
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|
Fitriatunnisa Shabrina (2023) |
|
First
publication right: Equivalent: Jurnal Ilmiah
Sosial Teknik |
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