Equivalent: Jurnal Ilmiah Sosial
Teknik
Vol. 6, No. 1, January 2024
THE
INFLUENCE OF INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION AND MOTIVATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF
PT LOTTE SHOPPING AVENUE INDONESIA EMPLOYEES
Suryanto1,
Ahmad Cik2, Kumba Digdowiseiso3*
Faculty of Economics, Universitas
Nasional, Indonesia1,2,3
Email: suryanto@yahoo.com1, ahmad.cik@civitas.unas.ac.id2,
kumba.digdo@civitas.unas.ac.id3*
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this
study is to analyze how the influence of interpersonal communication and
motivation on employee performance partially, This
research was conducted at PT. Lotte Shopping Avenue Indonesia. Data processing
using the validity and reliability test and regression and correlation test
using SPSS 19. The results showed in the partial test the influence of
competence and career coaching on employee performance. Between Interpersonal
Communication (X1) and Motivation (X2) on Employee Performance (Y) shows a
positive relationship. This shows the two
independent variables, Interpersonal Communication (X1) and Motivation (X2)
have affected Employee Performance (Y). Through hypothesis testing it is
possible to know that interpersonal communication and motivation to prove each
have positive and significant effect on employee performance equal to 77.0%.
This means that 77.% The dependent variable of
employee performance can be explained by the independent variable that is
interpersonal communication and motivation. It shows that there are still other
factors equal to 23.0% to employee performance. The magnitude of this influence
shows that interpersonal communication and motivation is an important element
in improving the performance of employees of PT. Lotte Shopping Avenue
Indonesia.
Keywords: Interpersonal Communication, Motivation,
Employee Performance
INTRODUCTION
The business world is showing very rapid
capabilities, followed by the emergence of various new companies operating in
various fields. These existing companies always try to obtain profitable
positions and conditions. Conditions like this will give rise to very tight
competition between existing companies. Competition is also getting tougher
with developments in information and technology Technology
is increasingly improving, resulting in global and comprehensive competition.
The existence of human resources in a
company plays a very important role. The workforce has great potential to carry
out company activities. The potential of every human resource in the company
must be utilized as well as possible, so that it can provide maximum results.
Companies and employees are two things that need each other. Ifemployees succeed in bringing progress to the company, the profits obtained
will be reaped by both parties. For employees, success is the actualization of
one's potential as well as an opportunity to fulfill one's life needs.
Meanwhile, for companies, success is a means to the company's growth and
development.
However,
of the many factors that influence employee performance, in this study,
researchers only focused on interpersonal communication and motivation factors.
Based
on the limitations of the problems stated above, the aim of this research is to
find out whether there is an influence of interpersonal communication and
motivation on employee performance at PT Lotte Shopping Avenue Indonesia?
RESEARCH
METHODS
In this
research, the population is all staff employees of PT. Lotte Shopping Avenue
Indonesia, Jakarta, totaling 100 employees. So, the total number of respondents
studied was 100 people.
Operational
Definition of Research Variables
Independent
Variable / Interpersonal Communication (X1)
Interpersonal
communication or interpersonal communication is the sending of messages from
someone and received by other people with immediate effects and feedback.
According to Hasibuan (2007), and has characteristics
including:
a) Openness
b) Empathy
c) Supportive
Attitude
d) Positive
Attitude
Independent
Variable/ Motivation (X2)
Motivation
is a stimulus variable or variable that influences other variables. In this
research the independent variable is work motivation. Employee motivation can
be seen from the perceptions of PT employees. Lotte Shopping Avenue is
represented by the following characteristics:
a) Functional
Requirements
b) Safety
Needs
c) Social
Needs
d) Reward
Needs
e) Self-Actualization
Needs
Dependent
Variable/ Performance
Employee performance is the
achievement of results achieved during a certain period of time in a certain
field of work. Employee performance depends ona
combination of ability, effort and opportunities obtained to produce high
performance in order to achieve goals and objectives
determined by the
company. The indicators measuring this variable are Quality, Loyalty, Creativity
and Honesty.
RESULTS
AND DISCUSSION
Validity
and Reliability testing results
Instrument Validity Test
The
validity test was carried out on 100 respondents with 10 questions, consisting
of 10 questions regarding Interpersonal Communication, 10 questions regarding
Motivation and 10 questions on Employee Performance which were declared valid
and reliable.
1) Results
of the validity test of the Interpersonal Communication variable instrument.
The validity test can be seen in table 1 as follows:
Table 1. Validity Results of the
Interpersonal Communication Variable Instrument (X1)
|
Question |
r
Count |
r
Critical |
Information |
|
Item 1 |
0.396 |
0.30 |
Valid |
|
Item 2 |
0.594 |
0.30 |
Valid |
|
Item 3 |
0.565 |
0.30 |
Valid |
|
Item 4 |
0.529 |
0.30 |
Valid |
|
Item 5 |
0.636 |
0.30 |
Valid |
|
Item 6 |
0.483 |
0.30 |
Valid |
|
Item 7 |
0.504 |
0.30 |
Valid |
|
Item 8 |
0.563 |
0.30 |
Valid |
|
Item 9 |
0.321 |
0.30 |
Valid |
|
Item 10 |
0.543 |
0.30 |
Valid |
Source:
Data processed from questionnaire results
Based
on Table 1, the results of the validity test on the Interpersonal Communication
variable above have a calculated r> 0.3, so it can be interpreted that all
question instruments on the Interpersonal Communication variable are valid.
2) Motivation
variable instrument validity test results. The validity test can be seen in
table 2 as follows:
Table 2. Validity Results of the
Motivational Variable Instrument (X2)
|
Question |
r
Count |
r
Critical |
Information |
|
Item 1 |
0.730 |
0.30 |
Valid |
|
Item 2 |
0.678 |
0.30 |
Valid |
|
Item 3 |
0.598 |
0.30 |
Valid |
|
Item 4 |
0.780 |
0.30 |
Valid |
|
Item 5 |
0.750 |
0.30 |
Valid |
|
Item 6 |
0.569 |
0.30 |
Valid |
|
Item 7 |
0.687 |
0.30 |
Valid |
|
Item 8 |
0.643 |
0.30 |
Valid |
|
Item 9 |
0.582 |
0.30 |
Valid |
|
Item 10 |
0.776 |
0.30 |
Valid |
Source:
Data processed from questionnaire results
Based
on Table 3, the results of the validity test on the Motivation variable above have
a calculated r> 0.3, so it can be interpreted that all question instruments
on the Motivation variable are valid.
3) Result
of validity test of Employee Performance variable instrument. The validity test
can be seen in table 3 as follows:
Table 3. Validity Results of
Employee Performance Variable Instruments (Y)
|
Question |
r Count |
r Critical |
Information |
|
Item
1 |
0.517 |
0.30 |
Valid |
|
Item
2 |
0.511 |
0.30 |
Valid |
|
Item
3 |
0.630 |
0.30 |
Valid |
|
Item
4 |
0.813 |
0.30 |
Valid |
|
Item
5 |
0.723 |
0.30 |
Valid |
|
Item
6 |
0.585 |
0.30 |
Valid |
|
Item
7 |
0.583 |
0.30 |
Valid |
|
Item
8 |
0.647 |
0.30 |
Valid |
|
Item
9 |
0.645 |
0.30 |
Valid |
|
Item
10 |
0.814 |
0.30 |
Valid |
Source:
Data processed from questionnaire results
Based
on Table 3, the results of the validity test on the Employee Performance
variable above have a calculated r> 0.3, so it can be interpreted that all
question instruments on the Employee Performance variable are valid.
Instrument
Reliability Test
The
results of the reliability test based on data processing with the SPSS 17.0
program can be seen as follows:
Table 4. Tabulation of Instrument
Reliability Tests for Interpersonal Communication Variables (X1), Motivation
(X2) and Employee Performance (Y)
|
No. |
Instruments |
Cronbach's alpha |
Cronbach's alpha standard |
information |
|
1. |
Interpersonal
Communication |
0.827 |
0.7 |
Reliable |
|
2. |
Motivation |
0.913 |
0.7 |
Reliable |
|
3. |
Employee
performance |
0.898 |
0.7 |
Reliable |
Source:
Data processed from questionnaire results
Based
on table 4 above, it can be seen that Interpersonal Communication, Motivation
and Employee Performance have quite large Cronbach's Alpha values, namely
0.827, 0.913 and 0.898 respectively, thus showing that Interpersonal
Communication, Motivation and Employee Performance are reliable because each of
them has a reliability coefficient or alpha. more than 0.7 which has been used
as a benchmark.
Classic
assumption test
Normality
test
The
normality test is used to test whether in the regression model, the two
variables (independent and dependent) have a normal distribution or at least
close to normal. Normality test was carried out using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov
test.
Table 5. Normality Test
|
One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov
Test |
||
|
|
|
Unstandardized Residuals |
|
N |
100 |
|
|
Normal Parameters,, b |
Mean |
.0000000 |
|
Std.
Deviation |
2.03936553 |
|
|
Most
Extreme Differences |
Absolute |
.211 |
|
Positive |
211 |
|
|
Negative |
-.148 |
|
|
Kolmogorov-Smirnov
Z |
,206 |
|
|
Asymptotic
Significance (2-tailed) |
,570 |
|
|
a. Test
Distribution is Normal |
||
|
b.
Calculated from data |
||
Based on table 5, it shows the value. The Sig
is as big as0.570This result
is greater than 0.05, which means the data is normally distributed.
Multicollinearity
Test
The
multicollinearity test is used to determine whether or not there are deviations
from the classic assumption of multicollinearity, namely the existence of a
linear relationship or independent variables in the regression model. The
multicollinearity test can be seen from the Variance Inflation Factor (VIF)
value < 10 and the tolerance value > 0.10, so it can be said that
multicollinearity does not occur.
Table 6.
Multicollinearity Test
|
Coefficientsa |
||||||||
|
Model |
Unstandardized
Coefficients |
Standardized
Coefficients |
Q |
Sig. |
Collinearity
Statistics |
|||
|
B |
Std. Error |
Beta |
Tolerance |
VIF |
||||
|
1 |
(Constant) |
1,567 |
2,461 |
|
,637 |
,526 |
|
|
|
Interpersonal_Communication |
,249 |
,059 |
,226 |
4,194 |
,000 |
,780 |
1,281 |
|
|
Motivation |
,713 |
,051 |
,754 |
13,977 |
,000 |
,780 |
1,281 |
|
|
a.
Dependent Variable: employee_performance Source: Data processed
from questionnaire results |
||||||||
Based on table 6, it can be seen that
Interpersonal Communication (X1) has a VIF value of 1.281 < 10 and a
tolerance value of 0.780 > 0.10, indicating that multicollinearity does not
occur. Motivation (X2) has a VIF value of 1.281 <10 and a tolerance value of
0.780> 0.10 indicating that there is no multicollinearity.
Autocorrelation
Test
The autocorrelation test is useful for finding
out whether in a linear regression model there is a strong positive or negative
relationship between two research variables.
Table 7. Autocorrelation Test
|
Model
Summary b |
|
|
Durbin-Watson |
|
|
2,255 |
|
|
Source:
Data processed from questionnaire results |
|
Based
on table 7, the Durbin Watson (DW) value is 2.255. The du value can be seen in
the Watson durbin table, n= 100, k= 2, then the du
value is 1.7128.
If it is included in the criteria if
DW is located between du and 4 - du, it means that if 2.255 is located between
1.7128 and 2.287 (4- 1.7128) then there is no autocorrelation.
Heteroscedasticity
Test
The heteroscedasticity test is carried out to
determine whether in a regression model there is an inequality in the variance
of the residuals of other observations. A good regression should not have
heteroscedasticity.
Figure 1. Heteroscedasticity test
Based on the picture above, it shows that the
data is spread above and below the number 0 on the Y axis and there is no clear
pattern, so heteroscedasticity does not occur.
Multiple
Linear Regression and Multiple Correlation Analysis
Multiple Linear
Regression
Multiple
linear regression analysis is a form of analysis that discusses the extent of
the influence of the independent variable (X) on the dependent variable (Y).
where the independent variables are Interpersonal Communication (X1),
Motivation (X2) and the dependent variable is employee performance (Y)
In
calculating the regression coefficient in this study, SPSS version 17.0 was
used. Multiple linear regression analysis is used to find out whether a
variable can predict or predict other variables. The calculation results are as
follows:
Table 8. Regression Model
Coefficients on the influence of Interpersonal Communication, Motivation on
Employee Performance
|
Coefficientsa |
||||||||
|
Model |
Unstandardized Coefficients |
Standardized
Coefficients |
Q |
Sig. |
Collinearity
Statistics |
|||
|
B |
Std.
Error |
Beta |
Tolerance |
VIF |
||||
|
1 |
(Constant) |
1,567 |
2,461 |
|
,637 |
,526 |
|
|
|
interpersonal_communication |
,249 |
,059 |
,226 |
4,194 |
,000 |
,780 |
1,281 |
|
|
Motivation |
,713 |
,051 |
,754 |
13,977 |
,000 |
,780 |
1,281 |
|
|
a. Dependent Variable: jmly |
||||||||
Based
on table 8 regarding the regression coefficients, it can be seen that the
linear regression equation is as follows:
Y =
1.567 + 0.249 X2+ 0.713 X3+ e
Information:
Y = Employee
Performance
X1 = Interpersonal
Communication
X2 = Motation
e= error
The results
obtained based on the description above can be explained as follows:
a) A
constant of 1.567 means that if the Interpersonal Communication (X1),
Motivation (X2) value is 0, then the employee performance (Y) value is 1.567.
b) The
Interpersonal Communication regression coefficient (X1) is 0.249, meaning that
if the value of other independent variables remains constant and Interpersonal
Communication increases by 1 unit, employee performance (Y) will increase by
0.249. The coefficient has a positive value, meaning that there is a positive
influence between Interpersonal Communication on Employee Performance, the
higher the Interpersonal Communication, the greater the increase in Employee
Performance.
c) The
Motivation regression coefficient (X2) is 0.713, meaning that if the value of
other independent variables remains constant and Motivation increases by 1
unit, Employee Performance (Y) will increase by 0.713. The coefficient is
positive, meaning that there is a positive influence between Motivation on
Employee Performance, the higher the Motivation, the greater the increase in
Employee Performance.
Multiple Correlation Analysis Between
Interpersonal Communication, Motivation and Employee Performance
Correlation
coefficient analysis is to determine the strength or weakness of the
relationship between the variables Interpersonal Communication (X1), Motivation
(X2) and Employee Performance (Y), so correlation calculations are used.
Table 9. Correlation Between
Interpersonal Communication (X1), Motivation (X2) and Employee Performance (Y)
|
Model Summary b |
|||||
|
Model |
R |
R
Square |
Adjusted
R Square |
Std.
Error of the Estimate |
Durbin-Watson |
|
1 |
,883a |
,780 |
,775 |
2,461 |
2,255 |
|
a. .
Predictors: (Constant) amount X2, amount X1 b.
Dependent Variable: amount of Y Source: Data processed from
questionnaire results |
|||||
Based
on the results of table 9, it can be seen that the multiple correlation
coefficient is R = 0.883. This shows that the variables Interpersonal
Communication (X1), Motivation (X2) on Employee Performance (Y) have a strong
influence.
Model
Feasibility Test
F test
The F
test is a joint regression coefficient test (F Test) to test the significance
of the influence of the independent variable on the dependent variable.
Table
10. Model Feasibility Test
|
ANOVAb |
||||||
|
Model |
Sum
of Squares |
Df |
Mean
Square |
F |
Sig. |
|
|
1 |
Regression |
1457,218 |
2 |
728,609 |
171,649 |
,000a |
|
Residual |
411,742 |
97 |
4,245 |
|
|
|
|
Total |
1868,960 |
99 |
|
|
|
|
|
a. Predictors: (Constant), sumx1, sumx2 b. Dependent Variable: jmly |
||||||
Based
on table 10, it can be seen that the significance level (0.000 < 0.05) shows
that the model used to predict the independent variable against the dependent
variable is suitable for use.
R2 Test
(Coefficient of Determination)
Analysis
of the coefficient of determination (R2) is used to provide an understanding of
how large the percentage influence of the independent variable is on the
dependent variable.
Table
11. R2 Test for Determination Coefficient
|
Model Summary b |
|||||
|
Model |
R |
R
Square |
Adjusted
R Square |
Std.
Error of the Estimate |
Durbin-Watson |
|
1 |
,883a |
,780 |
,775 |
2,461 |
2,255 |
|
a.
Predictors: (Constant), sumx1, sumx2 b.
Dependent Variable: jmly |
|||||
Source:
Data processed from questionnaire results
strong
relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable.
KP = R2 x 100%
= 0.8832 X 100%
= 0.77 (77.0%)
Based
on the results above, it shows that 77.0% of employee performance is influenced
by interpersonal communication and motivation, while the remaining 23% is
influenced by other factors which are not the focus of this research.
Hypothesis
Testing Research Results
The t
test is used to prove whether the independent variable partially influences the
dependent variable.
Table 12. T test
|
Coefficientsa |
|
||||||
|
Model |
Unstandardized
Coefficients |
Standardized
Coefficients |
t |
Sig. |
|||
|
B |
Std.
Error |
Beta |
|||||
|
1 |
(Constant) |
1,567 |
2,461 |
|
,637 |
,526 |
|
|
Interpersonal_Communication |
,249 |
,059 |
,226 |
4,194 |
,000 |
||
|
Motivation |
,713 |
,051 |
,754 |
13,977 |
,000 |
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
a. Dependent Variable: employee_performance |
|
||||||
Source:
Data processed from questionnaire results
1) Interpersonal
Communication Variables
Based on table 12, it shows that the
significant level is 0.05 (0.000<0.05), which means that Interpersonal
Communication partially has a positive and significant effect on Employee
Performance at PT. Lotte Shopping Avenue Indonesia This also proves that the
hypothesis stating this is accepted.
2) Motivational
Variables
Based on table 12, it shows that the
significant level is 0.05 (0.000<0.05), which means that motivation
partially has a positive and significant effect on employee performance at PT.
Lotte Shopping Avenue Indonesia This also proves that the hypothesis stating
this is accepted.
Discussion
There is a
Positive and Significant Influence of Interpersonal Communication on PT
Employee Performance. Lotte Shopping Avenue Indonesia
Based
on the results of hypothesis testing in the analysis, it was found that the level
was significant (0.000 < 0.05), which means that interpersonal communication
has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. The findings of
this research are similar to the results of previous research. This positive
influence means that Interpersonal Communication at PT is getting better. Lotte
Shopping Avenue Indonesia, the greater the opportunity for employees to improve
their performance. The linkages
betweenInterpersonal Communicationon Performance. If communication is
effective, it can encourage better performance (achievement) and job
satisfaction Davis and Newstrom (2005: 151).
Apart from that, the results of this
research are in accordance with the results of previous research conducted by Sukwadi (2014). Interpersonal communication has a
positive and significant effect on employee performance.
There is a
positive and significant influence of motivation on employee performance at PT.
Lotte Shopping Avenue Indonesia
Based
on the results of hypothesis testing in the analysis, it was found that the
level was significant (0.000 < 0.05), which means that motivation has a
positive and significant effect on employee performance. The findings of this
research are similar to the results of previous research. This positive
influence means that it gets betterMotivationat PT. Lotte Shopping Avenue
Indonesia, the greater the opportunity for employees to improve their
performance. Thus it can be said thatMotivation that
is truly managed as a management tool will have an influence and become a driving
force for employees to be positive, dedicated and productive. Motivational
values are invisible, but are the force that drives behavior to produce
effective employee performance (Nugroho,
2011).
Apart from that, the results of this
research are in accordance with the results of previous research conducted by Hasibuan (2010). Motivation has a positive and
significant effect on employee performance.
Conclusion
Based
on the research results and discussions described previously, it can be
concluded that; (1) hthe results of research conducted involving 100 respondents at PT.
Lotte Shopping Avenue Indonesia. Based on validity and reliability tests, it is
known that each item in the questionnaire statement for the Interpersonal
Communication, Motivation and Employee Performance variables has met the
validity and reliability requirements, (2) the results of the Interpersonal
Communication regression coefficient (X1) show that there is a positive
influence between Interpersonal Communication on Employee Performance, ( 3) the
results of the Motivation regression coefficient (X2) show that there is a
positive influence between Motivation on Employee Performance, and (4) based on
the results of the t test, Interpersonal Communication shows a significant level
(0.000 < 0.05), which means it has a positive and significant effect on
employee performance. The t test results show that motivation has a significant
level (0.000 < 0.05), which means it has a positive and significant effect
on employee performance.
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Suryanto, Ahmad Cik, Kumba Digdowiseiso (2024) |
|
First publication right: Equivalent:
Jurnal Ilmiah Sosial Teknik |
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